Procedural safety and short-term outcome in asian men treated with magnesium bio-resorbable scaffold

Background: Bioresorbable scaffold offer the advantages of reduced long-term complications such as stent fracture, late stent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis as well as the return of normal vasomotor function and late lumen gain with plaque regression. Objective: Identify safety and outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with magnesium BRS. Materials and methods: This was a prospective, observational single centre study conducted in UiTM Sungai Buloh from 1st November 2016 to 14th February 2017. Results: 7 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 46±9. All patients were male. Ethnicity breakdown showed 5 Malays, 1 Chinese, and 1 Indian. Cardiovascular risk assessment revealed 85.7% diabetes mellitus, 42.9% smokers, 28.6% hypertension and 28.6% dyslipidaemia. Target vessels treated were 6 left anterior descending (LAD) and 1 right coronary artery (RCA). Out of the 7 patients, 28.6% were type A lesions, 42.8% were type B, and 28.5% were type C. Among those lesions, 4 involved LAD-D1 bifurcations, and 2 were total occlusions. The lesions were prepared with semi-compliant balloons in 5 cases and non-compliant balloons in 2 cases. The balloon-to-stent ratios were 1:1 (n=1), 0.92:1 (n=1), 0.85:1 (n=4) and 0.83:1 (n=1). The magnesium BRS diameters used were 3.5 mm (n=4) and 3.0 mm (n=3) with length of 15 mm (n=1), 20 mm (n=4) and 25 mm (n=2). Post-dilatation in one patient was carried out with non-compliant balloon of equal diameter to the stent, while the rest had upsizing with +0.5 mm larger non-compliant balloon. Procedural outcome was 100% successful. At three-month follow-up, there were no symptoms, MACE or TLR. Conclusion: We demonstrated safety and good short-term outcome in the use of magnesium BRS in our cohort, including stenting of total occlusions as well as bifurcation lesions. A larger cohort and longer-term outcome would better delineate the safety and efficacy of this new technology in treating coronary artery disease.