Phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) and uranium (U) contaminated soils by Brassica juncea L. enhanced with exogenous application of plant growth regulators

Abstract This investigation was made to examine the role of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin A3 (GA3), 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) in improving stress tolerance and phytoremediation of the cadmium (Cd) and uranium (U) by mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The optimum concentrations of IAA, GA3, 6-BA, and EBL were determined based on plant biomass production, metal uptake, translocation, and removal efficiency. The biomass and total chlorophyll content decreased under Cd and U stress. Nevertheless, the application of IAA, GA3, and 6-BA significantly (p