Novel paper-based diagnostic devices for early detection of cancer

Abstract This chapter mainly focuses on the recent developments made in rapid detection of cancer cells using novel paper-based analytical devices (PADs). Due to their simplicity, portability and biocompatibility, PADs have gained great attention in recent years for rapid detection of biomarkers. Since cancer has become an increasing worldwide concern, there stands an imminent requirement for minimally invasive detection and monitoring techniques. The progress made in paper-based detection of cancer biomarkers has proven to hold great potential for the development of point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices for early detection of tumor cells. In this chapter, after an introduction on paper diagnosis, we will provide a brief explanation on the fabrication methods used for PADs. Then recently developed sensors based on colorimetric, fluorescence, chemiluminescence (CL), electrochemical, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques will be elaborated. In the end, current limitations and problems hindering the commercialization of paper-based sensors will be pointed out.