Impact of right ventricular function on development of significant tricuspid regurgitation in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation.

Abstract Background Chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) can cause significant tricuspid regurgitation (TR), which may result from tricuspid annulus and right atrial enlargement. However, the impact of right ventricular (RV) function on TR development remains unclear. Methods We retrospectively examined 175 consecutive patients with lone chronic AF (duration >1 year) without left ventricular dysfunction. TR severity was graded by the jet area and vena contracta, and moderate or severe TR were defined as significant TR. Patients were classified as significant TR (TR group) or without (NTR group) for comparison of clinical factors and transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) parameters. To explore factors associated with TR development, we also compared previous TTE parameters among patients in TR group who showed no prior significant TR [TR-preTR(−)] and those in NTR group [NTR-preTR(−)]. Results The mean age was 78 years (61% men). Significant TR was observed in 61 patients (35%). Compared with NTR group, the TR group was older, and had longer AF duration and larger right-sided cardiac parameters on index TTE. At previous TTE, the TR-preTR(−) group showed a larger basal RV dimension index (26.8 vs. 22.4 mm/m2), reduced RV free wall longitudinal strain (RVLS-FW) (−18.96 vs. −23.23), and lower tricuspid annular diameter change during a cardiac cycle (8.8% vs. 14.1%) than NTR-preTR(−) group. Conclusion Significant TR was observed in 35% of patients with chronic AF. These patients showed enlarged RV, reduced RVLS-FW, and low tricuspid annular diameter changes before significant TR develops. RV dysfunction may be associated with TR development in chronic AF.