Innovation in membrane fabrication: Magnetic induced photocatalytic membrane

Abstract In the last decade, several achievements have been reported to the modification of the membrane. Reviews and paper articles have been flooded the publishing house focusing on the development of membrane for various applications such as photocatalysis, anti-fouling, and desalination. Although many breakthroughs have been compiled and reported, much emphasis has been targeted to the widely used methods such as dip-coating, blending, and vacuum filtration for membrane modification. This review literature aims to feature the next strategies of membrane modification, which involve particle manipulation by magnetic force. Each of the works applying the magnetic induces membrane fabrication are discussed to highlight the impact of magnetic force during membrane fabrication towards the membrane structure and performance. Therefore, the recent trends of membrane casting procedure combined with the magnetic field are reviewed separately along with the alternatives method for migrating the catalyst.