Opportunities and challenges of the treatment for severe aplastic anemia

Severe aplastic anemia is mostly considered as an immune-mediated bone marrow failure syndrome, characterized by rapid progress and high mortality. Until now, immunosuppressive therapy, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the corresponding support are the main therapeutic methods. With the constant improvement of the therapeutic methods, the long-term survival of severe aplastic anemia has been tremendously boosted. At the same time, the treatment of severe aplastic anemia is facing more and more challenges.