A mathematical model of HIV-1 infection within host cell to cell viral transmissions with RTI and discrete delays

A within host viral infection model with both virus to cell and cell to cell transmissions and three discrete delays using reverse transcriptase inhibitors is investigated. The effect of time delay on stability of the equilibria of the infection model has been studied. By choosing the immune delay as the bifurcation parameter, we establish the sufficient condition for local stability of chronic infection equilibrium, Hopf bifurcation occurs when the immune delay passes a critical value. The global stability analysis of the model is carried out in terms of the basic reproduction number \(R_0\). If \(R_0 1\), the chronic infection (positive) equilibrium exists and is globally stable for both ODE and DDE model. Numerical simulations are obtained to validate our analytical findings by varying the system parameter.