[Serum levels of antioxidants and vitamins related to the homocystein's metabolism during postmenopause].

OBJECTIVE: To describe nutritional status, B6, B12, and antioxidant vitamins, as well as homocysteine concentrations in postmenopausal women. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mexico City. One hundred twenty-five women were selected if they were healthy and were in their first five years after menopause onset. Women were spontaneously divided in two groups: women who did not receive any hormonal treatment for at least six months before the study (n = 66), and those who received hormonal treatment at the moment of the study (n = 59). Anthropometry was measured and a fasting blood sample from a peripheral vein was obtained to determine homocysteine, vitamins A, C, E, B6, B12, and folic acid. Results were compared with Student t-test, and a logistic regression model was used to calculate the risk of hyperhomocystinemia after adjusting by some potential confounders. RESULTS: Women who did not receive hormone replacement therapy presented higher body mass index and waist-hip ratio than those who received such treatment. In contrast, this group presented higher prevalence of folic acid deficiency and hyperhomocystinemia, despite they consumed higher amounts of folic acid in the diet. This high risk of hyperhomocystinemia was independent of vitamin serum concentrations and the level of physical activity (OR = 15.1, IC95 = 1.60,141.9). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that hormone replacement therapy may protect against overweight and central fat distribution that occur after menopause, but increases the risk of hyperhomocystinemia.