Clinical methodologies for achieving primary dental implant stability: the effects of alveolar bone density.

ABSTRACT Purpose The authors conducted a literature review to determine the effects of local alveolar bone density on clinical techniques designed to achieve primary implant stability. Types of Studies Reviewed The authors reviewed articles in the literature that addressed attaining primary stability of dental implants. They combined their findings with their own clinical experiences to produce the information provided in this article. Results The authors present practical information regarding bone density to delineate for clinicians instances in which modifications of the drilling protocol are needed. They also correlate measures to enhance primary stability with the alveolar bone density at the implantation site. Clinical Implications To enhance primary implant stability, modifications of the drilling protocol are necessary in different bone densities.