Prevalencia, caracterización sociodemográfica, tratamiento y conductas de riesgo relacionadas a la Depresión en Panamá.

[Prevalence, sociodemographic characterization, treatment and risk behaviors related to the Depression in Panama.] Resumen Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de la depresion, describir la caracterizacion sociodemografica, tratamiento y conductas de riesgo relacionadas.  Metodologia: Se utilizo la base de datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Calidad de Vida de 2007 (estudio de corte transversal, estratificado y de dominios urbano, rural e indigena), utilizando las variables socio-demograficas, antecedente de  diagnostico medico de depresion, tratamiento y conductas de riesgo. Se utilizaron porcentajes como medida de frecuencia relativa, Odds Ratios (OR) como indicador de riesgo y un valor de p ≤ 0.05 fue considerado como estadisticamente significativo.  Se aplico el analisis de regresion logistica para estimar la probabilidad de presentar depresion a partir de variables sociodemograficas predictoras. Resultados: Se entrevistaron 25,748 individuos, estimandose una prevalencia de depresion por antecedente de diagnostico medico de 5.3% (CI 95% 4.1 – 6.5). La probabilidad de tener depresion fue mayor en: mujeres, OR = 3.33 (CI 95% 2.88 – 3.85; p < 0.0001 ), areas urbanas, OR = 1.60 (CI 95% 1.42 – 1.79; p <0.0001); personas de 40 anos y mas, OR = 1.99 (CI 95% 1.77 – 2.23; p <0.0001); e individuos con estado civil de separado – divorciado y viudos, OR = 2.33 (CI 95% 1.98 – 2.74; p <0.0001); OR = 2.38 (CI 95% 1.96 – 2.89; p <0.0001), respectivamente. Las personas sin escolaridad presentaron menor probabilidad o riesgo de tener depresion, OR = 0.58 (CI 95% 0.44 – 0.74; p <0.0001). Conclusion: El estudio con sus estimaciones para 2017 evidencia el problema de Salud Publica que representa la depresion en Panama.  Las mujeres presentaron mayor riesgo de depresion, al igual que aquellas personas que viven en areas urbanas y entre aquellos de mas de 40 anos de edad. Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depression in Panama, to describe its socio-demographic characteristics and related risk behaviors. Methodology: We used the National Survey of Health and Life Quality, 2007 database (a cross-sectional, stratified and urban, rural, and indigenous area study), using the socio-demographic, and depression medical diagnostic background, treatment, and risk behaviors variables. Percentages were used as relative frequency measure, Odds Ratios (OR) as risk indicator, and a value of p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The logistic regression was used to estimate the probability to develop depression from predictor socio-demographic variables. Results: 25,748 individuals were interviewed. The prevalence of depression by medical diagnostic background was estimated at 5.3% (95% CI 4.1 – 6.5). Probability of developing depression was higher in: women, OR = 3.33 (95% CI 2.88 – 3.85; p < 0.0001), urban areas, OR = 1.60 (95% CI 1.42 – 1.79; p <0.0001); 40th years old and more people, OR = 1.99 (95% CI 1.77 – 2.23; p <0.0001); and people with marital status of separated – divorced and widows, OR = 2.33 (95% CI 1.98 – 2.74; p <0.0001); OR = 2.38 (95% 1.96 – 2.89; p <0.0001), respectively. People without scholar level or formal education presented lowest risk of medical diagnostic of depression, OR = 0.58 (95% CI 1.44 – 0.74; p <0.0001). Conclusion: The study with its estimations to 2017 shows the public health problem that depression represents in Panama. Women presented higher risk of depression just like those people who live in urban areas and among those over 40 years old.