A Responsive MRI Contrast Agent for Detection of Excess copper(II) in the Liver in Vivo
2018
The design, synthesis, and properties of a new
gadolinium-based copper-responsive MRI contrast agents are presented in detail
here. The sensor (GdL1) has high selectivity for copper ions and
exhibits a 47% increase in r1 relaxivity upon binding to 1
equivalent of Cu2+ in aqueous buffer. Interestingly, in the presence of
physiological levels of human serum albumin (HSA), the r1 relaxivity
is amplified even further up to 270%.
Additional spectroscopic and XAS studies show that Cu2+ is
coordinated by two carboxylic acid groups and the single amine group on an
appended side-chain of GdL1 and forms a ternary complex with HSA
(GdL1-Cu2+-HSA). T1-weighted in vivo imaging demonstrates that GdL1
can detect basal, endogenous labile copper(II) ions in living mice. This offers a unique opportunity to explore
the role of copper ions in the development and progression of neurological
diseases such as Wilson disease.
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