Monitoring Plant Health with Near-Infrared Fluorescent H2O2 Nanosensors
2020
Near-infrared
(nIR) fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes
(SWCNTs) were designed and interfaced with leaves of Arabidopsis
thaliana plants to report hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a key signaling molecule associated with the onset
of plant stress. The sensor nIR fluorescence response (>900 nm)
is
quenched by H2O2 with selectivity against other
stress-associated signaling molecules and within the plant physiological
range (10–100 H2O2 μM). In vivo remote nIR imaging of H2O2 sensors enabled optical monitoring of plant health in response to
stresses including UV-B light (−11%), high light (−6%),
and a pathogen-related peptide (flg22) (−10%), but not mechanical
leaf wounding (<3%). The sensor’s high biocompatibility
was reflected on similar leaf cell death (<5%) and photosynthetic
rates to controls without SWCNT. These optical nanosensors report
early signs of stress and will improve our understanding of plant
stress communication, provide novel tools for precision agriculture,
and optimize the use of agrochemicals in the environment.
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