Assessment of postoperative health functioning after knee arthroplasty in relation to pain catastrophizing: a 6-month follow-up cohort study

Background Knee arthroplasty (KA) is a typically successful surgical procedure commonly performed to alleviate painin participants with end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Despite its beneficial effects, a significant proportion of individuals with KA continue experiencing persistent pain and functional limitations. The purpose of this study was to assess the postoperative outcomes after KA in relation to postoperative pain catastrophizing. Methods Participants were recruited at a domiciliary physiotherapy service, using a prospective, observational, hypothesis-generating cohort design. Participants were divided into two groups based on their Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) total score (50th percentile), which resulted in high and low PCS groups. The primary outcome measure was the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). In addition, quality of life, walking speed, physical performance, range of motion, and pain were measured. Outcome measures were collected at baseline (1 week postoperatively) and at follow-up (1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively). Results A total of 60 participants (21 total KA and 39 unicompartmental KA) were recruited. Individuals with a higher degree of pain catastrophizing showed significantly higher WOMAC total scores at every follow-up, indicating poorer health functioning (p 0.05). Conclusion The results of the present study suggest that participants with high postoperative pain catastrophizing might have poorer outcomes during the rehabilitation process after KA. Future work should seek to clarify if this relationship is causal.