H-type Tracheoesophageal Fistula after Recurrent Tracheobronchiolitis: A Case Report

Introduction: Tracheoesophageal fistula is a connection between the posterior wall of the trachea and the anterior wall of esophagus, without atresia. This is a rare condition presesntion in 4-5% of all congenital esophageal anomalies. In contrast to other forms of thracheoesophageal fistula, the H-type is not diagnosed in early infancy and the diagnosis is usually delayed. Case Presentation: a 7-month-old boy presented with a chief complaint of a consistent cough and wheezing with an onset of a month prior to the visit. A cough was productive and persistent but no vomiting, cyanosis or problems with feeding were reported. consistent cough and wheezing with an onset of a month prior to the visit. A cough was productive and persistent but no vomiting, cyanosis or problems with feeding were reported. In surgery the fistula was completely extracted and both the esophagus and the trachea were repaired and the incision site was sutured. There were no significant post-op complications, and a barium meal performed oneweek post-operation showed no connection between the esophagus and the trachea. Conclusion: Tracheoesophageal fistula is rare condition presenting with variety of symptoms. As in this case the diagnosis is often delayed for months or even until adulthood.