Robust Co-Planning of Energy Storage and Transmission Line with Mixed Integer Recourse

Energy storage is a potential planning option to relieve transmission congestion caused by increasing penetration of renewable energy. This paper presents a robust formulation for energy storage and transmission line co-planning, considering binary variables that represent energy storage statuses in the recourse problem. In order to solve this model, an improved nested column and constraint generation algorithm is used to cope with numerical issues caused by new binary variables, big-M constraints, and the enormous size of the problem. Case studies of a modified Garver's 6-bus system and a practical Chinese 196-bus system were used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The numerical results indicate that energy storage is more economical for relieving the transmission line congestion when the transmission distance is relatively long.