Heterogeneous catalysts for clean technology : spectroscopy, catalsys for clean technology

INTRODUCTION TO CLEAN TECHNOLOGY AND CATALYSIS Green Chemistry and Clean Technology Green Chemistry Metrics Alternative Solvents Heterogeneous or Homogeneous Alternative Energy Reactors for Green Chemistry Concluding Remarks MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF ALCOHOL SELECTIVE OXIDATION Introduction Metal-Catalyzed Alcohol Selox Oxide, Sulfide, and Vanadate Catalysts Solvent Selection In Situ and Operando X-Ray Studies of Selox Catalysts Conclusions REACTION MONITORING IN MULTIPHASE SYSTEMS: APPLICATION OF COUPLED IN SITU SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS Introduction Method Coupling Spectroscopic Reactors and Practical Aspects Selected Examples of Use Conclusion and Outlook IN SITU STUDIES ON PHOTOCATALYTIC MATERIALS, SURFACE INTERMEDIATES, AND REACTION MECHANISM Introduction In Situ Investigations Concluding Remarks ENANTIOSELECTIVE HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS Introduction Strategies for the Creation of Enantioselective Heterogeneous Catalysts Concluding Remarks - A Comparison of the Various Approaches to Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF SOLID ACIDS AND BASE-CATALYZED CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES Introduction New Catalytic Systems Biomass Conversions Summary SITE-ISOLATED HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS Introduction Assembled Monolayers of Metal Complexes on Single-Crystal Surfaces Reaction-Induced and Photoinduced Formation of Unsaturated Ru Complexes Supported on SiO2 Surfaces Manganese Triazacyclononane Catalysts Grafted under Reaction Conditions Well-Defined Silica-Supported Mo-Imido Alkylidene Complexes for Metathesis Double Catalytic Activation Using a Bifunctional Catalyst with both Acid and Base on Solid Surfaces Summary DESIGNING POROUS INORGANIC ARCHITECTURES Introduction Templated Methods for the Preparation of Ordered Porous Materials Hierarchical Porous Materials Concluding Remarks TAILORED NANOPARTICLES FOR CLEAN TECHNOLOGY - ACHIEVING SIZE AND SHAPE CONTROL Introduction Size Effects-Setting the Scene Size Effects Illustrated by Way of Examples of Selected Industrially Important Reactions Shape Effects Conclusion APPLICATIO OF METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS IN FINE CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS Metal-Organic Frameworks as Heterogeneous Catalysts Applications in Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Applications in Oxidation, Carbon-Oxygen, and Carbon-Nitrogen Bond Formation Applications in Asymmetric Synthesis Concluding Remarks PROCESS INTENSIFICATION FOR CLEAN CATALYTIC TECHNOLOGY Introduction Effect of Transport Phenomena on Heterogeneous Catalysis Conclusion RECENT TRENDS IN OPERANDO AND IN SITU CHARACTERIZATION: TECHNIQUES FOR RATIONAL DESIGN OF CATALYSTS Introduction Catalyst Nascence Synthesis of Silicalite-1 Molecular Sieves Preparation of Supported Metal Catalysts Catalyst Life Elucidating the Reaction Mechanism of Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol Determination of the Active Sites in Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol Catalyst Death Methanol to Hydrocarbons Propane Dehydrogenation Summary and Conclusions APPLICATION OF NMR IN ONLINE MONITORING OF CATALYST PERFORMANCE Online Monitoring with NMR Spectroscopy Quantitative NMR Spectroscopy in Technical Samples Flow and High-Pressure NR Spectroscopy for Reaction Monitoring Selected Applications of NMR in Online Monitoring of Catalyst Performance Conclusions AMBIENT-PRESSURE X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY Introduction Technical Aspects Applications of APXPS Outlook