A case of florid osseous dysplasia associated with chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis requiring segmental resection

Abstract We report a case of florid osseous dysplasia (FOD) in the right mandible in a 40-year-old woman with communication difficulty due to mental retardation. Swelling and a mixture of radiolucency and radio-opacity were observed in the right mandible on an X-ray image. The mass was adjacent to the inferior border of the mandible and there was a radiolucent layer between the mass and the surrounding normal bone. A definitive diagnosis could not be made by biopsy and follow-up was performed. The mass increased during the follow-up period and segmental resection was performed. Clinical, X-ray, and histopathological findings indicated a diagnosis of FOD associated with chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis. An evaluation of the therapeutic regimen for FOD associated with secondary infection in this case suggested that aggressive surgical treatment and histopathological examination are required in such cases.