Comparison efficacy and side effects of combined cystone and hydrochlorothiazide with cystone monotherapy in treatment and passage of upper urinary stones; a randomized clinical trial

Introduction: Urinary stones are one of the most common and painful diseases of humans after urinary tract infections and prostate diseases. Objectives: The aim of this study was comparing the efficacy and complications of combined cystone and hydrochlorothiazide with cystone monotherapy in the treatment of upper urinary stones. Patients and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial 80 patients older than 15 years old with renal and ureteral stones less than 10 mm after taking informed consent form were allocated randomly in one of two groups. Patients with azotemia, hydronephrosis, bothersome pain and pregnant women were excluded. In the first group, combinations of cystone and hydrochlorothiazide tablets (every 12 hours, two 100 mg cystone and 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide) were prescribed. In the second group, cystone were prescribed as the first group. One month later, patients were followed by kidney, ureter, and bladder x-ray (KUB) and ultrasonography and the success of treatment was determined by changing the size of stones and report of stone passage by the patients. All data were collected and analyzed by SPSS software version 23 and statistical tests. Results: The mean age of the patients in combined and single groups were 48.02±13.72 and 44.15 ± 14.86(P = 0.24) years respectively. The mean size of stone after treatment in two groups was 1.72±0.98 and 1.85±0.78 mm respectively (P=0.53). Regarding efficacy of combined and single group, more than 90% of the patients reported stones passage after the intervention (P=0.06). There were no significant differences in mean blood urea (P=0.38) and serum creatinine (P=0.53) after treatment in two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that combination of cystone and hydrochlorothiazide do not increase the efficacy of cystone in treatment and passage of urinary stones, although in both groups stone passage significantly increased.