TOXIDERMIES A BANGUI : ASPECTS EPIDEMIOLOGIQUES AU SERVICE DE DERMATOLOGIE – VENEROLOGIE

Introduction : the medicamentous reactions or toxidermies represent a quasi daily problem for the doctor prescriber. It can be difficult to carry with certainty the diagnosis of certain tables of toxidermies so much the symptoms go from a simple urticaria to the Lyell’s syndrome whitch can be mortal in 5 to 30%of the cases. The aims were to determine the prevalence of the toxidermies and to describe their clinical characteristics. Material and Methods : It was about a retrospective study by examination of the files of the patients who had been followed for toxidermia to the service of dermatovenerology of Bangui for the period active from January to December 2004. The epidemiologic and clinical data had been collected on individual record sheets. Results : 242 cases of toxidermies had been listed on the 6876 consultations, that is to say a rate of hospital prevalence of 3.5%. The middle age was 30.9 years and the sex ratio M/F of 1.1. All the professions were touched. The average time of appearance of lesion was 3 days. 81.8% of the lesions were located, the signs of gravity were present in 21.82% of the cases with a mucous erosion in 12.81% of the cases.The most frequent diagnosis was the fixed pigmented erythema (64.5%); the Lyell’s syndrom occupied 2.07of the cases. The forecast was good in 99.17% of the cases. A case of death was observed on the five cases of Lyell (20%). Conclusion : the rate of toxidermy seems higher in this study than in others. A struggle against the self-medication and the pandemic of HIV/AIDS could limit this tendency.