Comparação de três protocolos de extração de DNA a partir de tecido fixado em formol e incluído em parafina

OBJECTIVE: To set up a method for DNA extraction from paraffin embedded cervical cancer specimens, previously formalin-fixed, aiming to accomplish retrospective analysis. METHODS: Sixty specimens were submitted to DNA extraction by three different methods. All of them involved digestion of the tissues by proteinase K, followed by DNA purification, based in three different approaches: protocol A used a DNA isolation kit, GlassMax (Gibco/BRL); protocol B was performed with the kit GFXTM Amersham Pharmacia Biotech; and protocol C was based on the method proposed by Banerjee et al.(2), with modifications. To evaluate the integrity and sufficiency of the DNA, the samples were submitted to a in vitro amplification of a segment of the human b-globin gene, and the PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis on 7% polyacrylamide gels, followed by silver staining. Results: Among 60 analyzed samples, 45 showed positive results when submitted to the three protocols. In six samples, PCR fragments were obtained with DNAs extracted through protocols A e C; in three samples, DNA extraction was achieved with protocol A only; and in two samples the DNA was successfully extracted only through protocol C. CONCLUSIONS: Protocols A and C generated similar results. Although protocol C is more labor-intensive and time consuming, it does not require a commercial kit and therefore has a lower cost. Furthermore, it does not require the use of organic solvents and may be considered a good alternative for DNA extraction from paraffin embedded tissues.