Risk Factors for Low Bone Mass-Related Fractures in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Context: Testing men at increased risk for osteoporotic fractures has been recommended. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the magnitude of association and quality of supporting evidence linking multiple risk factors with low bone mass-related fractures in men. Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and Cochrane CENTRAL through February 2010. We identified further studies by reviewing reference lists from selected studies and reviews. Study Selection: Eligible studies had to enroll men and quantitatively evaluate the association of risk factors with low bone density-related fractures. Data Extraction: Reviewers working independently and in duplicate determined study eligibility and extracted study description, quality, and outcome data. Data Synthesis: Fifty-five studies provided data sufficient for meta-analysis. The quality of these observational studies was moderate with fair levels of multivariable adjustment and adequate exposure and outcome ascertainment. Sta...