Autoinjerto conjuntival con uso de adhesivo biológico en cirugía de pterigion. Estudio comparativo.

2008 
espanolEl pterigion es la degeneracion conjuntival que mayor incremento en su indicacion quirurgica experimenta en la actualidad. El abordaje quirurgico de esta patologia es objeto de una constante evaluacion debido a la alta frecuencia de recidiva y a su repercusion a nivel de la superficie ocular. Dentro de los factores que minimizan la frecuencia de recidiva parece ser relevante la realizacion de injerto libre conjuntival y el uso de adhesivos biologicos, que permiten evitar el uso de suturas disminuyendo los factores derivados de la irritacion local y de yatrogenia, con mejor manejo postquirurgico. Hemos realizado un estudio retrospectivo de 86 pterigios intervenidos por un mismo cirujano en un periodo de dos anos en el Hospital Universitario de Canarias con un seguimiento minimo de un ano, diferenciando tres grupos segun la tecnica asociada a la extirpacion (I: simple con sutura, II: plastia de rotacion con sutura, III: injerto libre sin sutura con uso de adhesivo biologico) y en todos ellos se ha analizado una serie de variables entre las que destacan edad, raza, patologia sistemica y oftalmologica acompanante, grado sintomatico, clasificacion clinica, agudeza visual, tecnica quirurgica y asociadas, complicaciones registradas, tratamientos previos y tras la cirugia asi como frecuencia de recidiva y seguimiento medio. Se comenta la tecnica utilizada y se realiza un analisis de los resultados obtenidos, hallando diferencias estadisticamente significativas en cuanto a la frecuencia de recidiva a favor del grupo III. EnglishPterigion is the conjunctival degeneration which has suffered the biggest increase of surgical indications at present. The surgical technique used for this pathology is an object of a constant evaluation due to the high frequency of recurrence and to its repercussion in the ocular surface. Among the factors that minimize the frequency of recurrence it seems to be relevant the accomplishment of free conjunctival graft and the use of biological adhesives, which allow to avoid the use of suture, thus diminishing local irritation and iatrogenia, and with better postsurgical outcomes. We have developed a retrospective study of 86 pterigia surgeries performed by the same surgeon in a period of two years at the University Hospital of Canary Islands with a minimum follow-up of one year, differentiating three groups according to the techniques associated with the extirpation (I: simple with suture, II: plastia of rotation with suture, III: free graft without suture with use of biological adhesive). We have analysed a series of variables in all of them taking into account age, race, systemic and ophthalmic pathology associated, symptomatic degree, clinical classification, visual acuity, surgery and associated techniques, use of suture, registered complications, previous and post-operative treatments, frequency of recurrence and average follow-up. Finally, we have assessed the technique used and we have carried out an analysis of the results obtained, finding significant statistic differences regarding the frequency of recurrence, being the results favourable for group III.
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