Bulk-Heterojunction with Long-Range Ordering: C60 Single-Crystal with Incorporated Conjugated Polymer Networks

Bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) blends are commonly used as active materials for optoelectronics. Ordering of molecular packing in blends is critical to their electronic properties, spurring investigation on how to obtain BHJ with long-range ordering. However, the difficulty in controlling crystallization during blending limits the crystallinity. Developing a new strategy instead of conventional blending is, thus, needed. Inspired by biomineralization, here, C60 single-crystals are prepared in organogel matrix of poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenvinylene] (MEH-PPV) to form MEH-PPV:C60 composites. Essentially, networks of MEH-PPV are incorporated into growing C60 crystals and penetrate throughout the crystals, resulting in crystal/gel-network interpenetrating composites. Despite the coexistence of MEH-PPV, the C60 crystalline component maintains single-crystallinity and the composite exhibits as BHJ with long-range ordering. Furthermore, compared with blends, the long-range ordered BHJ shows a high...