Antimicrobial effect of Calotropis procera active principles against aquatic microbial pathogens isolated from shrimp and fishes

Abstract Objective To study the influence of Calotropis procera ( C. procera ) active principles against aquatic microbial pathogens isolated from shrimp and fishes. Methods C. procera leaf powder was serially extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol and screened by antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity against aquatic pathogens which isolated from shrimp/fish. After initial screening, the active extract was purified through column chromatography and again screened. Finally the active fractions were characterized by phytochemical analysis and GC-MS analysis. Results In vitro antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral screening revealed that, the ethyl acetate extracts were effectively suppressed the bacterial pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ), Vibrio harveyi ( V. harveyi ) and Aeromons hydrophila ( A. hydrophila ) of more than 20 mm zone of inhibition; the fungi Fusarium sp and the killer virus WSSV. The ethyl acetate extracts of C. procera incubated WSSV was failed to multiply its progeny in the in vivo system of shrimp P. monodon . The shrimp had 80% survival after WSSV challenge from the control group significantly ( P P etc . Conclusions The present study revealed that there is a possibility for developing new eco-friendly antibacterial and antiviral drugs from C. procera against aquatic important pathogens.