Pilot Study of the Difference C-TBNA with EBUS-TBNA in Mediastinal Bronchial-Derived Cysts

Objective: To investigate the difference value of conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (C-TBNA) and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in mediastinal bronchogenic cysts. Method: A retrospective analysis of clinical data and follow-up data of 27 patients using conventional TBNA and EBUS-TBNA techniques diagnosed as mediastinal bronchogenic cysts from May 2008 to December 2016 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University was done. Results: In 8 years, there were 13 cases of C-TBNA and 14 cases of EBUS-TBNA-diagnosed mediastinal bronchogenic cysts. C-TBNA extracted clear liquid and its volume was 8.9 ± 1.5 ml. The 14 patients examined by EBUS had a homogenous anechoic signal. Clear liquid was extracted, and its volume was 29.1 ± 7.5 ml. The cyst liquid extracted with EBUS-TBNA was significantly more than that extracted with CTBNA (P < 0.05). During follow-up, 1 patient had cyst rupture after being punctured by C-TBNA, secondary pulmonary infection and right pleural effusion, followed by surgical treatment. The recurrence rate for C-TBNA was 100.00% (13/13), and that for EBUS-TBNA was 14.29% (2/14) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The C-TBNA and EBUS-TBNA technologies have high diagnostic value for the mediastinal bronchogenic cysts. Both C-TBNA and EBUS-TBNA technologies have the risk of secondary infection and recurrence of cysts.