SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF A CONVERGENT HYBRID PROCEDURE USING CRYO AS ENDOCARDIAL ENERGY SOURCE FOR THE TREATMENT OF PERSISTENT AND LONGSTANDING PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

Catheter-based endocardial ablation has limited efficacy for persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (PersAF). Convergent hybrid procedures where endocardial ablation is augmented by epicardial left atrial posterior wall isolation have reported increased success. Most published