Modeling Atomization Using Boundary Element Methods (BEM)

This chapter reviews atomization modeling works that utilize boundary element methods (BEMs) to compute the transient surface evolution in capillary flows. The BEM, or boundary integral method, represents a class of schemes that incorporate a mesh that is only located on the boundaries of the domain and hence are attractive for free surface problems. Because both primary and secondary atomization phenomena are considered in many free surface problems, BEM is suitable to describe their physical processes and fundamental instabilities. Basic formulations of the BEM are outlined and their application to both low- and high-speed plain jets is presented. Other applications include the aerodynamic breakup of a drop, the pinch-off of an electrified jet, and the breakup of a drop colliding into a wall.