Extraction of Hydroxyapatite from Bovine and Human Cortical Bone by Thermal Decomposition and Effect of Gamma Radiation: A Comparative Study

Hydroxyapatite HA was extracted from bovine and human cortical bone by thermal decomposition process and was characterized using several analytical tools including thermo gravimetric analysis TGA X ray diffraction analysis XRD X ray fluorescence analysis XRF Flourier transformed infrared spectroscopy FTIR and scanning electron microscopy SEM Removal of organic matter from the bone was confirmed by TGA XRD data confirmed that HA was the only crystalline phase when sintered at deg C XRF analysis revealed that calcium and phosphorus were the main components and magnesium sodium were the minor elements in which some trace elements iron potassium and zinc were also present FT IR spectra of HA confirmed the presence of a carbonated group and the similarities to commercial HA When HA were irradiated at kGy there was no significant change of their properties In vitro cytotoxicity of the HA powder were also evaluated and the samples showed no cytotoxic effect These results suggested that HA derived from bovine and human bone by thermal decomposition has the potential to be used in bone tissue engineering