Evaluation of the Effect of Aerial Parts of Scrophularia atropatana Grossh Total Extracts on Analgesic Activity and Morphine Induced Tolerance in Mice
2018
Background: Scrophularia
atropatana contains chemicals activating the GABA system and inhibiting
glutaminergic system. As well as we know, drugs inhibiting glutamate system
have analgesic effects and reduce tolerance to the analgesic effects of
morphine. In the present study, effect of methanol extract of aerial parts of S.
atropatana on tolerance to the analgesic effects of morphine was evaluated.
Methods: The aerial parts of S.
atropatana were extracted with methanol by maceration and was further
analyzed to determine the content of total phenols, antioxidant activity (DPPH
method) and analgesic activity. Several groups of mice received drug regimens
for 4 days. Group I: Saline (10 ml/kg, i.p.) + Saline (10 ml/kg, i.p.), group
II: Morphine (50mg/kg, i.p.) + Saline (10mg/kg, i.p.) and group III: Morphine
(50mg/kg, i.p.) + Extract of S. atropatana (100, 200, 400 mg/kg, i.p.)].
On the fifth day the test dose of morphine (9 mg/kg, i.p.) in different groups
were assessed. By using hot plate test, the analgesic activity of different
doses of the extract was evaluated.
Results: Phytochemical
screening indicated the presence of total phenolics content of the extract (152
mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity (RC50 =143µg/ml)
in DPPH method. All doses of the extract had analgesic activity. It was found that treatment
with extract (100, 200 mg/kg, i.p.) attenuated the development of
tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of morphine.
Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrate that S. atropatana strongly
reduced tolerance to morphine and has analgesic effects. The suggested analgesic
effects may be related to the phenolics content and antioxidant activity of the
plant alongside inhibition of glutaminergic system.
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