Lethal intratumoral haemorrhages of brain metastases during radiosurgery: case reports and literature review

Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) is an effective and important treatment modality in the management of brain metastases. The short-term complication rate is low and the tumour control rate high. Complications caused by acute radiation-induced oedema are rare and usually benign. In this article, two cases of lethal haemorrhagic event immediately following GKS are described from two centres, which had prompted us to review the literature.