Effect of Urban Park Landscape on Outdoor Temperature Environment in Summer

With the deterioration of the urban thermal environment, the intensity of the urban heat island effect has gradually increased and the improvement of the urban thermal environment has received increasing attention. As part of the urban green space, the park plays an important role in improving the outdoor temperature environment and alleviating the urban heat island effect. Based on this, the paper studies and analyzes the effect of different landscape types on the outdoor temperature environment in summer parks, and selects four landscape types of Waterfront Greenland, Unshielded Square, Tree-shrub Gove, and Non-waterfront Greenland in the People’s Park and Huanhuaxi Park in Chengdu as the research objects. The air temperature was monitored on-site at different altitudes to 1.5 m in all landscape types, and the effects of different landscape types on the outdoor temperature environment were compared and analyzed. The aim was to seek the best landscape layout of the urban park. The results show that: Waterfront Greenland and Tree-shrub Gove have the best cooling effect, followed by Non-waterfront Green, and Unshielded Square the worst. The maximum temperature and the average temperature of Waterfront Greenland are, respectively, reduced by 2.8–8.1 and 2–4 °C compared with Unshielded Square; the maximum temperature and average temperature of Tree-shrub Gove are reduced by 5.2–5.7 and 1.5–3 °C, respectively, compared with Unshielded Square. The reasonable allocation of Tree-shrub Gove and the proportion of water in the park landscape design can enable the city park to better exert its summer cooling effect and help to reduce the urban heat island effect.