Quantification of retinal microvascular density using optic coherence tomography angiography in primary angle closure disease.

PURPOSE: : To evaluate the microvascular density of the peripapillary and parafoveal areas of the eyes with primary angle closure disease (PACD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: : An observational study was conducted with 76 PACD patients (29 eyes with primary angle closure suspect, 22 eyes with primary angle closure [PAC], and 25 eyes with primary angle closure glaucoma [PACG]) and 27 control eyes. OCTA was performed for all subjects to acquire a 4.5 × 4.5 mm scanning area centered on the optic discs and a 3 × 3 mm parafoveal cubes. Peripapillary and parafoveal vessel density (VD) were compared between these four groups, and the relationship between VD values and structural and functional changes was evaluated. RESULTS: : Among all four groups, the peripapillary VD of the PACG eyes was the lowest in all six sections (all P 0.05). In addition, the stages of PACD, visual field mean deviation, and RNFL thickness were shown to be predictors of the peripapillary VD in the multiple linear regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: : The PAC eyes had lower peripapillary VD than normal eyes when their RNFL and GCC thickness did not differ. This suggests that a reduction in retinal VD may occur before structural loss in PAC eyes. Retinal VD measurement may be a useful tool for the assessment of PACD.