229-OR: The Gut Microbiome in Adults with Prediabetes and Effect of Dietary Glycemic Index

Compositional and functional differences in gut bacteria exist between adults with normal glucose tolerance, IGT and type 2 diabetes and can change with dietary factors. We compared the gut microbiome between adults with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and IFG+IGT and evaluated the impact of dietary glycemic index (GI) on the gut microbiome. The study enrolled 53 adults (mean±SEM: age 53.0±1.4 y, BMI 32.5±0.9 kg/m2) with IFG (n=20), IGT (n=10) or both IFG+IGT (n=23). Stool samples were collected in RNAlater after 2 weeks on a control, moderate GI diet (GI 55-58) and again after a 4 week dietary intervention of a low GI (GI 70, n=18 on placebo and n=17 on the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine 1200 mg po BID). Diets had the same macronutrient composition (55%carbohydrate/30% fat/15% protein) but more fiber in the LGI (65.1±2.2 g/d) vs. HGI diet (25.8±0.8 g/d). The stool microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V1-V3). Results: α diversity was significantly higher in IGT vs. IFG+IGT (7.2±0.08 vs. 7.0±0.06, p Conclusions: Differences in microbiota were observed between IGT and IFG+IGT. These associations may contribute to poorer metabolic function in IFG+IGT, but would need further testing to determine cause and effect. The LGI diet was associated with higher Anaerostipes, a butyrate producing bacteria with beneficial anti-inflammatory effects. This may be related to the higher fiber content of the LGI diet. Disclosure K. Utzschneider: Other Relationship; Self; Medtronic. M.L. Neuhouser: None. K.M. Newton: None. K. Breymeyer: None. M.A. Hullar: None. Funding National Institutes of Health (R01DK092568, P30DK017047, UL1TR002319, P30CA015704, KL2TR002317, TL1TR002318)