Limited intra-host diversity and background evolution accompany 40 years of canine parvovirus host adaptation and spread

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly successful pathogen that has sustained pandemic circulation in dogs for more than 40 years. Here, integrating full-genome and deep sequencing analyses, structural information, and in vitro experimentation, we describe the macro- and micro-scale features that have accompanied CPV9s evolutionary success. Despite 40 years of viral evolution, all CPV variants are >~99% identical in nucleotide sequence, with only a limited number (