Difficulties and complications of female sterilization.

A random collection of complications and difficulties with sterilization by tubal occlusion are presented. An impressionistic collection method is used. No percentages are calculated. Anesthetic complications and complications of culdoscopy and laparoscopy are not included. Various types of operative trauma and operative difficulties are included. Proper preoperative examination and determination of whether abdominal or vaginal sterilization is most appropriate will reduce this operative difficulties. The risks and complications of this method of sterilization must be weighed against the benefits.