Focal gene induction in the liver of rats by a heat-inducible promoter using focused ultrasound hyperthermia: preliminary results.

Objective: We sought to examine high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)-induced hyperthermia in the liver of a rat model to focally induce green-fluorescent protein (GFP). Materials and Methods: A total of 25 Copenhagen rats were included in this study. Rats were divided into groups treated with an adenovirus coding for green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of a hsp70B promoter and a CMV promoter. Ad-CMV-GFP-treated rats served as positive control. 'Untreated controls only subjected to MRI ′ HIFU-treatment served to find out optimal power of HIFU in the target area of the liver. Temperature was noninvasively monitored by temperature sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Rats treated with Ad-hsp70B-GFP demonstrated localized gene induction within the liver parenchyma, in good correlation with MRI and histology. Applying an acoustic power of 1.92 W a relatively uniform focal temperature up to 42 ′ 5°C within the liver parenchyma could be documented. 3 X 10 9 plaque-forming units proved to account for a very homogeneous liver infection. Number of fluorescent cells in the region of hyperthermia was similar to the control group treated with Ad-CMV-GFP. Conclusion: Using the introduced parameters spatially controlled gene induction within a parenchymal organ such as the liver in rats using HIFU under control of MRI is feasible.