Simulation of a highly birefringent photonic crystal fiber in terahertz frequency region

We have designed a Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) to achieve high birefringence optical property in the terahertz (THz) frequency region. Air holes look like rectangular shape in cladding area and elliptical air hole in the center zone are considered for the proposed PCF. To identify loss characteristics of the proposed PCF, effective material loss (EML) and confinement loss also have been studied in this paper. The commercial optical properties analyzer, COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a software has been used for numerical analysis of the designed PCF. To obtain the optimal PCF structure properties, we have varied the elliptical shaped air holes major axis length and adjacent ellipse pitch distance. Numerical analysis shows the maximum birefringence of 0.0921 and minimum confinement loss of $$1.36\, \times 10^{-4}\ \hbox {cm}^{-1}$$ for the proposed PCF. We hope that this highly birefringent PCF will contribute in the field of polarization filter, bio-sensing and terahertz communication devices.