A descriptive analysis of patients diagnosed with COVID- 19 and co-infection in detroit during the early pandemic

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is responsible for a global pandemic A concern with COVID-19 are co-infections Studies have reported between 5 8-8 1% of COVID-19 patients having documented co-infection(s);however, no study has reported the prevalence of co-infections during the early pandemic in Detroit, one of the first “hot spots ” While the number of patients with COVID-19 and co-infections is low, there is limited to no information on the impact of acquiring these virulent and/or multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens Research Question or Hypothesis: Investigate the prevalence of coinfections in the early pandemic in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Detroit Study Design: Single-center, retrospective, descriptive study Methods: All adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to Medical Center were screened from March to April 2020 Any patients with a documented co-infection with any pathogen were included Descriptive statistics were utilized for analysis Results: A total of 309 COVID-19 patients were screened, and 45 (14 6%) were found to have ≥1 co-infection (thus, total percentage > 100%;bacterial: 88 9%, fungal: 11 1%, viral: 8 9%) The majority of patients were male (62 2%) and African American (75 6%), while median age and weight were 67 (57-74) years and 85 0 (72 7-104 5) kg, respectively Of the 40 (88 9%) patients with a bacterial co-infection, 9 (22 5%) were infected with multiple bacteria, and 3 (7 5%) also had fungal and viral 1 (2 5%) co-infections The majority of bacterial co-infections included Pseudomonas aeruginosa(15 0%), Staphylococcus aureus(12 5%), and Enterococcus faecalis(10 0%) Three (6 7%) and 2 (4 4%) patients had Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, respectively, and 3 (6 7%) patients had influenza The pathogens were cultured from the blood (46 7%), sputum and/or bronchoalveolar lavage (42 2%), or urine (11 1%) Conclusion: Patients with COVID-19 and documented co-infections were more prevalent in Detroit compared to previous studies Further studies should be conducted to efficiently identify the presence and impact of co-infections in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to optimize patient outcomes