Outcomes of familial abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in the Vascular Quality Initiative

Abstract Objective Recent investigations have reported increased rates of aneurysm-related complications after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) in familial abdominal aortic aneurysm (fAAA) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of open aortic repair (OAR) and EVAR in sporadic AAA (spAAA) and fAAA patients in the Society for Vascular Surgery Vascular Quality Initiative. Methods This was a retrospective review of all AAA repairs in the Vascular Quality Initiative from 2003 to 2017. Patients' data were summarized, and standard statistical analysis was performed. Patients with known genetic syndromes and centers with long-term follow-up of  Results From 2003 to 2017, there were 1997 fAAA patients compared with 18,185 spAAA patients undergoing OAR and EVAR during the same study period. Compared with their spAAA counterparts, fAAA patients were younger ( P P  = .008), and demonstrated a lower incidence of coronary artery disease ( P  = .001) and hypertension ( P  = .039). Rates of smoking and end-stage renal disease did not differ between groups. However, fAAA patients were more likely to have aneurysmal degeneration of their iliac arteries ( P P P  = .012) but were extubated sooner ( P  = .005), received fewer blood transfusions ( P P  = .018). Although individual complication rates did not differ between fAAA and spAAA groups after OAR, a composite end point of all early postoperative complications was decreased in fAAA patients ( P  = .020). When comparing fAAA and spAAA patients who underwent EVAR, we found a greater incidence of early lumbar branch endoleaks (type II) in fAAA patients; however, the rate of proximal type IA endoleaks ( P  = .279) and the rate of late reintervention for sac growth ( P  = .786), any endoleak ( P  = .439), or rupture ( P  = .649) did not differ between the groups. Whereas spAAA patients undergoing EVAR required longer postoperative intensive care unit stays ( P P P  = .510), 30-day mortality ( P  = .177), and long-term mortality ( P  = .259). Conclusions This study shows that patients with a familial form of AAA do not have increased morbidity or mortality after AAA repair. Our findings suggest that EVAR and OAR are both safe and effective for fAAA patients. Further studies with longer follow-up are needed to best care for this unique cohort of patients.