Factores de riesgo y sida en personas diagnosticadas con VIH. Granma. Enero 1986 – Diciembre 2012

Introduction : aids represents the last clinical stage of the infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and brings about the uncontrolled presence of opportunist infections and several types of malignant tumours. Objective : to identify some of the risk factors associated to aids in people diagnosed with HIV. Method: it was performed an epidemiologic, observational, analytical, retrospective investigation of cases and controls. The group of cases was made up by 211 patients diagnosed with aids, the control group had 211 patients infected by HIV, and they were taken at random. There were applied the percents and absolute numbers, the unvaried strategy with the determination of the Odds ratio, the Chi square and interval of confidence and multivariate, using the Wald statigraph. Results : the ages under 40 years, 83.6 %, the masculine sex, 79.9 % and the school level until 9no degree, 51.2 %, prevailed. Regarding the age, only the 2.4 % of the HIV seropositive were older than 40 years and in aids patients it was observed in the 30.3 %. It was not associated one sex or the other with the disease, showing with p=0.716. The HIV seropositive presented less infection diseases, only 3.3 %, the aids patients had 21.3 %. The existence of other infections besides the HIV increased the possibility in 7.900 times, p=0.000 to mark aids. Conclusions: the risk factors associated to the presence of aids were the nutritional condition, toxic habits, coexistence of infections, immunocompetence stage, school level and age.