The Detailed 3D Multi-Loop Aggregate/Rosette Chromatin Architecture and Functional Dynamic Organization of the Human and Mouse Genomes. - BioRxiv Version
2016
The dynamic three-dimensional chromatin architecture of genomes and its coevolutionary
connection to its function – the storage, expression, and replication of
genetic information – is still one of the central issues in biology. Here, we describe the
much debated 3D-architecture of the human and mouse genomes from the nucleosomal
to the megabase pair level by a novel approach combining selective high-throughput
high-resolution chromosomal interaction capture (T2C), polymer simulations, and
scaling analysis of the 3D-architecture and the DNA sequence: The genome is
compacted into a chromatin quasi-fibre with ~5±1 nucleosomes/11nm, folded into stable
~30-100 kbp loops forming stable loop aggregates/rosettes connected by similar sized
linkers. Minor but significant variations in the architecture are seen between cell
types/functional states. The architecture and the DNA sequence show very similar finestructured
multi-scaling behaviour confirming their co-evolution and the above. This
architecture, its dynamics, and accessibility balance stability and flexibility ensuring
genome integrity and variation enabling gene expression/regulation by self-organization
of (in)active units already in proximity. Our results agree with the heuristics of the field
and allow "architectural sequencing" at a genome mechanics level to understand the
inseparable systems genomic properties.
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