Cyclin D1 and p57 expression in relation to clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

PURPOSE: There is a need for identifying molecular prognostic biomarkers to better predict clinical outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This study investigated the pattern of cyclin D1 and p57 expression in RCC patients and evaluated their relation with clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS). METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was applied to paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 74 RCC patients. Two cut-off groups were defined by the fraction of positive cells as follows: ≤10% and >10% positive cells for cyclin D1, and ≤5% and >5% positive cells for p57. RESULTS: Cyclin D1 expression in >10% of positive cells was observed mostly in the clear cell RCC, while p57 expression in ≤5% of positive cells was found in 86% of chromophobe RCC specimens. The higher expression of cyclin D1 and lower expression of p57 were more frequent in grade I-II tumors. OS was associated with unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. However, cyclin D1/p57 expression did not influence the survival rates. CONCLUSION: Although cyclin D1 and p57 expression did not affect survival rates in RCC patients, proper validation and establishment of the qualitative cut-off point are needed for these tumors.