Prediction and management of a low‐lying costal arch which restricts the operative working space during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
2011
Background/purpose
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is difficult to perform in patients with a low-lying costal arch that entirely covers the liver. We conducted this study to clarify the factors related to a low-lying costal arch and establish countermeasures to circumvent this characteristic.
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