Pulmonary Mechanics of Normal Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants at 40 Weeks Postconception: A Comparison with Normal Term Infants

We evaluated pulmonary function status in healthy, nonventilated very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants at 40 weeks postconception because little is known about the pulmonary function status of these infants at the time of discharge. Seven normal VLBW infants were evaluated at 40 weeks postconception, and five normal term infants were examined as a control. The neonates were placed supine with their heads in the neutral position. Data were obtained while the infant was resting quietly and breathing spontaneously prior to feeding. Pulmonary mechanics and energetics were measured with a CP-100 pulmonary monitor (Bicore Co. Ltd.). Pulmonary mechanics and energetics were determined by the least mean square technique. Dynamic compliance (Cdyn), resistance (Rtot, Re), and work of breathing (WOB) were calculated for the total breath, and tidal volume, minute ventilation, ratio of inspiratory time to respiratory period (Ti/Ttot), and respiratory rate were measured. There were no significant differences between normal VLBW infants and term infants in regard to ventilation, mechanics, or energetics. Although the respiratory system of normal VLBW infants is immature at birth, its development caught up to term infants by the time of discharge.