Synthetic Chromophores and Neural Stimulation of the Visual System

This chapter presents an overview of optical stimulation of neural cells by synthetic chromophores and their potential use in the field of artificial sight. The chromophores and techniques that are discussed include azo chromophores, photo release of caged neurotransmitters, pore blockers and photoisomerization, the channelrhodopsins, melanopsin, and the Photosystem I reaction center of green plants.