Striated-for-smooth muscle replacement in the developing mouse esophagus
2019
The esophagus is a muscular tube which
transports swallowed content from the oral cavity and
the pharynx to the stomach. Early in mouse
development, an entire layer of the esophagus, the
muscularis externa, consists of differentiated smooth
muscle cells. Starting shortly after mid-gestation till
about two weeks after birth, the muscularis externa
almost entirely consists of striated muscle. This
proximal-to-distal replacement of smooth muscle by the
striated muscle depends on a number of factors. To
identify the nature of the hypothetical “proximal”
(mainly striated muscle originating) and “distal” (mainly
smooth muscle originating) signals that govern the
striated-for-smooth muscle replacement, we compared
the esophagus of Myf5:MyoD null fetuses completely
lacking striated muscle to the normal control using
cDNA microarray analysis, followed by a
comprehensive database search. Here we provide an
insight into the nature of “proximal” and “distal” signals
that govern the striated-for-smooth muscle replacement
in the esophagus.
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