Expression of Cox 2 in Gastric Mucosa of Patients with Gastric Carcinoma and Its Correlation with the Disease Progression

Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. It exists as two main histological types, diffuse and intestinal, and is thought to result from a combination of environmental factors and accumulation of specific genetic alterations, and consequently mainly affects older patients Esophagogastro- duodenoscopy (EGD) is the diagnostic imaging procedure of choice in the work-up of gastric carcinoma. The two isoforms COX-1 and COX-2 regulate a key step in prostanoid (i.e. thromboxanes and PGs) synthesis. PGs regulate various pathophysiological processes such as inflammatory reaction, gastro-intestinal cytoprotection and ulceration, hemostasis and thrombosis, as well as renal haemodynamics. The present study was conducted on eighty (80) patients attending the out-patient clinics of El-Hussein and El- Sayed Galal University Hospitals during the period (from November 2010 to July 2013). According to the histopathological diagnosis, these cases were subdivided into 6 groups after doing the following (1-Medical history 2-Clinical evaluation 3-Laboratory investigations including (C.B.C, Liver function test, gastric biopsy, histological examination and immunohistochemical examination. The study revelaed COX2 was not detected in normal cases and mean of cox2 compared with different gastric lesions showed that gradually increased from more pathological stage gastritis→metapalsia→dyplasia→adenoma→ and gastric carcinoma.There was a highly significant value of malignant group when compared to control group, gastritis group, metaplasia group and dysplasia group at p<0.01. Conclusion: The study revealed that up-regulation of cox2 from normal gastric mucosa to different gastric lesion suggests that cox2 expression correlated with disease progression.