Влияние активности CYP2D6 на эффективность и безопасность флувоксамина у пациентов с депрессивными расстройствами, коморбидными с алкогольной зависимостью

Background : Alcohol dependence is often combined with affective disorders, in particular, depressive disorder (DD), which worsens adversely affects the prognosis of the course of both diseases and their outcomes. For the treatment of DD, drugs from the group of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, whose representative is fluvoxamine, are used. Fluvoxamine therapy is often associated with a risk of development is shown to be ineffective, and a part of patients develop dose-dependent adverse drug reactions (ADR) and pharmacoresistance. Objective: To study the effects of CYPD6 isoenzyme activity on the efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine therapy in patients with depressive disorders, comorbid with alcoholism. Methods: The study was conducted on 117 Russian patients with DD, alcohol-dependent comorbid. For the purpose of correction of depressive disorders within the framework of cyclothymia, fluvoxamine (Fevarin) was administered to patients at a dosage of 50−150 mg/day. Genotyping was carried out by the method of polymerase chain reaction in Real-time mode with allele-specific hybridization. Efficacy and safety were assessed using validated psychometric scales and an assessment of the severity of ADR. To evaluate the activity of CYP2D6, the method of high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry was used to measure the urinary content of the endogenous substrate of this isoenzyme and its metabolite, the ratio of 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline. Results: By the 9th day of the study, the severity of depressive symptoms on the HAMD scale was statistically significantly different in patients with different genotypes: (GG) 7.0 [6.0; 8.0], (GA) 4.0 [3.0; 5.0] (p 0.05). Conclusion: In a study of a group of 117 patients with DD, comorbid with alcohol dependence, the effect of CYP2D6 activity, estimated by the ratio of the endogenous substrate concentrations of pinolin and its metabolite 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline, on the efficacy of fluvoxamine therapy. This effect was also shown using the results of genotyping. The results of genotyping also showed the existence of a difference in the safety index in patients with different genotypes from the polymorphic marker CYP2D6 1846G>A.