Resección laparoscópica de colon. Estudio comparativo entre tres técnicas quirúrgicas

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of colon diseases has been associated with a signifi cant improvement in outcomes when compared with conventional surgery. Objective: Review the outcomes in colon surgery, comparing the different techniques performed in our center. Material and methods: Retrospective, comparative, transversal and observational study. Including all patients who underwent colon resection by open surgery, laparoscopic surgery or hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery. From January l st 2005 to August 31 of 2011. Evaluation of sociodemographic characteristics, perioperative and complications. A descriptive analysis was performed with variable rates as a measure of quantity. Chi-square test (χ2) and Student’s t test for independent groups. Established a statistically signifi cant p value less than 0.05. Results: Period of 79 months. 165 resections including three procedures. No differences in age, sex diagnosis, initiation of oral intake and hospital stay. Complications: open surgery fi ve general complications (13.8%), two specifi c complications (5.55%). Two reoperations (5.55%). One readmission at 30 days (2.85%). Mortality at 30 and 90 days 2.85% secondary to pneumonia. Laparoscopic surgery: three general complications (5.55%). Six specifi c complications (11.1%). Three conversions to open surgery (5.55%), fi ve reoperations (9.25%), two readmissions at 30 days (3.7%). One death secondary to abdominal sepsis (1.85%). Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery:1 general complication (1.33%) and one specifi c complication (1.33%). One reoperation without conversion to open surgery. No readmissions or mortality at 30 and 90 days. Conclusion: We conclude that in our center, the hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery provides the best results with less surgical time, fewer complications, low morbidity and no mortality so far.