Evaluación de una intervención enfermera prequirúrgica en Cirugía Ortopédica, para mejorar la experiencia del paciente

espanolOBJETIVOS: Evaluar la comprension y la satisfaccion con la informacion recibida en la educacion sanitaria del paciente intervenido de artroplastia total primaria de rodilla o de cadera. METODO: Estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo. La inclusion de los participantes fue realizada en la Visita Prequirurgica de Enfermeria (VPE). Se realizo una encuesta adhoc que evaluaba el nivel de comprension de los conceptos explicados en la sesion formativa prequirurgica, y se evaluo la ansiedad mediante el Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo (STAI). Sujetos: pacientes intervenidos de artroplastia primaria de rodilla o cadera. Variables: comprension de los conceptos transmitidos, datos demograficos, ansiedad y tipologia de artroplastia. Analisis de datos: indices descriptivos, para el analisis interferencial se utilizo Chi2 en la comparacion de las variables cualitativas y t de Student en la comparacion de variables cuantitativas. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 169 pacientes con una edad media 68,82 anos. Un 92,3 % de los pacientes comprendieron la totalidad de los conceptos basicos expuestos, un 92,3 % de los conceptos rehabilitacion, y un 76,9 % de los conceptos sobre las posibles complicaciones posquirurgicas. Los pacientes se mostraron, en general, altamente satisfechos. Se observaron diferencias estadisticamente significativas en la comprension de los conceptos de rehabilitacion en funcion del genero y de la ansiedad: las mujeres (Chi2=5,82;p CONCLUSION: Los resultados globales muestran la alta eficacia del programa multimodal en la practica clinica y la satisfaccion de los pacientes con la educacion sanitaria recibida en la formacion grupal prequirurgica en estas cirugias. EnglishPURPOSE: To evaluate the degree of understanding and satisfaction of patients undergoing primary total hip or knee arthroplasty with the information received during healthcare education programs. METHODS: This is a prospective observational descriptive study. Patients were included in the course of a series of preoperative nursing visits, an ad-hoc survey was conducted to assess the understanding of the concepts explained, whereby anxiety was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All subjects had undergone total hip or knee arthroplasty. Variables included the degree of understanding of the information conveyed; demographic data; anxiety; and type of arthroplasty. Data were analyzed using descriptive indices. Interferential analysis was carried out using the chi square test for comparing qualitative variables and Student’s t test for comparing quantitative variables. RESULTS: One-hundred sixty-nine patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 68.82 years. A total of 92.3% of patients understood all of the so-called basic concepts; 92.3% of patients understood the concepts related to rehabilitation; and 76.9% of patients understood all aspects related to postoperative complications. Patients were in general highly satisfied with their procedures. Statistically significant differences were observed on patients’ understanding of concepts related to rehabilitation depending on gender and anxiety scores: women (Chi2=5,82;p CONCLUSION: Overall results demonstrate the high effectiveness of the multimodal program in clinical practice as well as a high level of satisfaction among patients with the healthcare education received in the group sessions organized after their surgical procedures.